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Yule (Winter Solstice) Lore
by
Maria Kay Simms
The great Wheel turns full circle to the longest night of the year. Imagine the sense of darkness long, long ago, as the people gathered, waiting for the sunrise, hoping and praying for the return of light. Visualize a circle of stones and the anticipation of waiting within and looking beyond toward the horizon where finally, at long last, a glow of light begins to form…and grow…until suddenly the light is there. Reborn! Shining with brilliance atop the marker stone, heralding to all that the dark time has passed. The waxing light has returned! The Sun, Divine Child of hope and promise is reborn! A new year has begun! The people sing with joy, and so it has been throughout the ages…
Wherever you celebrate this Yuletide within times zones of continental USA, a ritual held at the actual time of Winter Solstice will be on a Saturday evening, ideal for a candlelight vigil. At Starcrafts' home base in Ocean Beach in San Diego, CA, Yule might be celebrated at the beach, or perhaps in a yard with palm tree swaying and flowers still in bloom. At "Starcrafts East," the New Hampshire site of Circle of the Cosmic Muse, Yule will most likely be celebrated within our circle of stones in the snow, hot cider bubbling in a cauldron over the center fire. 2002 will be the fourth Yule since we created our circle garden with granite stones marking the quarters and the solstice sunrises and sunsets. Each of the first three came with a clear, crisp night after a light, but covering, snow. May this year be the same!
From within a stone circle clear observation of the movement of the
lights in the sky becomes easy, though it can be noted anywhere if you
watch for it. At Fall Equinox the sun rose at the east point of my
compass while standing at circle center, just beyond the eastern
monolith, but since then it has gradually appeared a bit more to the
south each day. At Winter Solstice the Sun, now rising at southernmost
declination (23S26), appears to "stand still" for about a three day
pause. (Solstice is derived from Latin for sol, the Sun and
sistere, to cause to stand still.) Then, each day Sun will
begin to reverse, rising ever gradually eastward until Spring Equinox,
when it will once again rise due east. In the east window of my bedroom
I have another fun way of observing the movement of sunrises. A large
feng shui crystal hangs from the ceiling, where I have a row of
holes to adjust its position as the Sun changes declination, so that
each clear morning I can give the crystal a whirl and have a room full
of rainbow colors!
The Astrology of Winter Solstice-Capricorn Ingress 2002
Winter Solstice 2002, also called Yule, occurs on Saturday, December 21
at 5:15 pm PST and at 8:15 pm EST. Astrologers also call this date and
time the Capricorn Ingress, for the Sun is at 0
Capricorn. A chart for the zero degree of any of the four cardinal signs
(Aries, Cancer, Libra and Capricorn) cast for the location of capitol of
a nation is an important tool for looking at what may lie ahead for the
nation and its people. The cardinal cross, itself, is a symbol relating
to the world in general, so planets at 0 of any cardinal sign represent
significant themes for what can be called a world axis. Also highly
significant for their connection to this world axis are any planets at
the 15th degree of a fixed sign (Taurus, Leo, Scorpio or Aquarius), for
these degrees are the cross-quarters. The cardinal cross and the
cross-quarters form the 8-fold wheel that in annual cycle marks the
Sabbats, and in monthly cycle marks the lunar phases. The Wheel of the Year
illustration on this site depicts both cycles.
Since the Capricorn Ingress chart is the beginning of a whole new solar waxing and waning cycle, its message is significant for the entire year ahead. A striking theme in the chart for Capricorn Ingress 2002 is Venus at the 15 Scorpio position. This places the planet of love and peace on the world axis with the Sun! Venus is capable of putting on her warrior Goddess garb especially when she's the morning star, as she is at Yule, but her goal is peace, even if she has to stand firm and even fight to get there. I consider that her position within the Capricorn Ingress is a sign of great promise that even at this current time on the brink of war, peace can be attained in 2003.
For this reason the Yule Ritual in my Circle, and I hope yours, too, whether you work with a group or alone, will include a candlelight vigil for peace. Many thoughts focused together for a common purpose have great magic, power and grace!
Winter Solstice as Birth of the Sun/Son
Celebrations and ritual based on the return of the Light, often depicted as the birth of a Divine Child after the longest night, derive from many cultures and ancient times. Many pre-Christian cultures had tales of Gods and heroes whose births to a Mother Goddess bear striking similarities to the later story of the birth of Jesus. Pagan celebrations in this season of the return of the Light were so popular and pervasive that the growing Catholic hierarchy of Rome, in the 4th century AD finally decided on December 25 as the birthday of Jesus, in the attempt to Christianize the Roman rites of Mithra, the Saturnalia and the Yule celebrations of the Celts and Saxons. (Saturnalia was a festival to Saturn, ruler of Capricorn. Saturn is the Roman name for the earlier Greek Kronos, God of Time.) Because the Pagan origins of Christmas were so well known, acceptance throughout the world took many centuries. Even in the 17th century New England Puritans tried unsuccessful to get this "Pagan" holiday banned! Unless the gospels are wrong, it is highly unlikely that Jesus actually was born in December. For one thing, shepherds and their flocks would not have been out in the fields at midwinter. But no matter, the symbolism of Winter Solstice is so completely fitting, that the December 25 "birthday" prevailed. Whether one celebrates the birth of the Son of Mary, or the birth of the newborn Sun to the Mother Goddess, or the return of new Light in any other tradition, the core meaning is much the same. With the passing away of the longest day of darkness followed by the birth of the Child of Light come joy, hope and the promise of new life, a new beginning
Yule Customs -- Old and New
Yule can be a very special celebration shared with family and friends of
varied spiritual paths, for so many of the Pagan folk customs of old
have become the secular customs of this season, and as such, are
familiar and comfortable for all faiths to share. "Deck the halls with
boughs of holly" is a very old and perennially popular Yule tune that
clearly refers to the death of the old solar year and the birth of the
new. Its phrase "See the blazing Yule before us" suggests the tradition
of burning the Yule Log. Holly is wonderful for
decorating, with its dark green leaves and bright red berries that stay
fresh looking throughout the season. To hang the holly over doorways or
windows, according to one old folk custom, wards against any evil
spirits who dared to try and enter, lest they be snagged on its sharp,
prickly leaves.
Holly is a favorite of mine for decorating my Yule Log,
along with a sprig or two of fir tree, and a bright red ribbon. A lot of white birch grows near my home, and the holly makes a wonderful contrast. The photo shows this year's log, with a gold candle on top for the newborn Sun King. We burn the Yule Log during the evening Winter Solstice ritual each year, kindled with a piece of last year's log that we saved for the purpose. The tradition of burning a Yule Log symbolizes the blazing forth of new light as the old year dies. To save a piece to kindle the next shows the continuity of the endless cycle. Save the ash from your Yule fire, too, for it can be used for protective magick. The custom of the Yule Log is very old, perhaps the oldest of all. Some say it can be traced all the way back to the Roman Saturnalia, or even back to ancient Egypt.
The evergreen tree has also been central to this season
since ancient times, considered sacred because it is immortal -- evergreen.
Though references to this can be found in the lore of various ancient
cultures, the custom as we know it today probably had its beginnings in
Germany, whose name for it, Tannenbaum, is still sung in a
popular carol. My Danish born mother remembered burning candles
decorating the trees of her childhood, a practice that obviously needed
very close watching, fortunately no longer needed! During the middle
ages it was a popular custom to decorate the tree with apples,
and another old Pagan carol still sung today preserves the association
of apples with evergreen in another custom of the season: "Here we go a
wassailing among the leaves of green…" The "wassail"
was apple cider, shared with good wishes for health and abundance. The
word relates to the Anglo-Saxon wes hal, which means "Be Whole"
and may also relate to the Viking phrase ves heill which was
used to toast to one's health.
The wreath of evergreen symbolizes the ever-turning
wheel, the endless circle, and the unending nature of life. Each year we
make a new wreath of from various fir trees and holly on a form big
enough that an adult can easily step through it. The wreath hangs on the
side of the house until Solstice night, when it becomes part of our Yule
ritual. Each person steps through the wreath, casting off the old year
ending and being reborn into the new. From Nordic lore we have the
mythology of the Holly King as God of the Waning Year,
and Oak King as the God of the waxing year. Through the
Holly Wreath, then, is also a way of also transitioning from Holly to
Oak, and often an acorn is given to each person after
stepping through as blessing for the year ahead.
Copyright © 2002
Maria Kay Simms
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THE CRAFT
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What are Wicca and Witchcraft?
The Wiccan Rede & the Law of Three
The Pentagram
The Elements
Air |
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Water |
Earth
The Wheel of the Year
The Timing of the Sabbats
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Ostara
Beltane |
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Lughnasad |
Mabon
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Maria Kay Simms' monthly column on
lunar and astrological events to
help you plan your magickal calendar.
Recommended Reading
Moon Tides, Soul Passages,
The Witch's Circle,
A Time for Magick,
Future Signs, and
Your Magical Child
by
Maria Kay Simms
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